Paper Giant × Cancer Council NSW · Working draft v5 · May 2026

SunSmart service blueprint
the developmental journey, end to end

A single map of the child's sun-safe journey from birth to the end of primary school. The child journey is the spine. Educators sit underneath as the people who facilitate the outcome inside the setting; carers sit below them as people who learn alongside and reinforce at home. Between every stage, a transition column names what's being carried forward across all three lanes, and what's at risk if the next stage doesn't catch it.

Child (the spine)What a SunSmart child looks like leaving each stage.
Educator (facilitator)What educators need to deliver the child outcome inside the setting.
Carer (learner & home facilitator)What parents and carers need to learn themselves, and to model at home.
TransitionWhat's carried across all three lanes. What falls if the next stage doesn't catch it.
ECEC · 0–5 yrs
Birth to school
Adult-led routines, sensory habit forming
Transition
Crossing into big school
Habit becomes named practice; the daily handover disappears
ES1 · K–Year 1
Naming the practice
Recognising, beginning to follow
Transition
From rules to reasons
Naming becomes understanding. The cognitive shift the suite doesn't yet support.
Stage 1 · Yrs 1–2 · Priority gap
Understanding why
From rules to reasons; growing independence
Transition
Out into the wild
Understanding becomes choice; off-school settings start to dominate
Stage 2 · Yrs 3–4
Applying knowledge
Decision-making under peer influence
Transition
Stepping into leadership
Choice becomes ownership; the child shifts from follower to potential leader
Stage 3 · Yrs 5–6
Leadership & advocacy
Owning sun safety, teaching others
Critical handoff
Primary to secondary
The structural support of school falls away. Habits embed or evaporate.
Beyond scope
Stage 4+
Where it lands or doesn't
Child
(the spine)
What a SunSmart child looks like leaving each stage.

Leaving ECEC

"I love my hat and my sunblock. The adults around me do too. It's just what we do."

  • Hat goes on without prompting before going outside.
  • Engages with sun protection through play, song and sensory familiarity.
  • Beginning to articulate the why with adult support.

Where they're at. Babies and toddlers don't understand sun safety; they experience it. Habits form through the behaviour of trusted adults, repetition and the rhythm of the day. Story, song and physical routine are the primary learning modes. Skin barrier isn't fully mature until age four. Protection here is a clinical need, not just a habit being formed.

Fragility

The whole pattern is held by adults. If the model breaks (turnover in the room, an inconsistent home routine, a parent who hasn't had sun safety education themselves), the child has no internal compass to fall back on yet.

What arrives

A child who has habits but no language for them. Sun safety is "what we do," not yet "what I do."

At risk

Without consistent cues in the new setting, the habits go quiet. The child can't yet explain or maintain them on their own.

Leaving ES1

"I bring my SunSmart habits into big school. I notice when someone isn't being sun safe."

  • Carries habits across the ECEC-to-school transition without rupture.
  • Names sun safety behaviours; recognises absence in self and peers.
  • Following independently when the cue is clear.

Where they're at. Children in their first years of formal schooling. Beginning to name things, recognise patterns and follow rules independently when prompts are clear. Adult-directed but starting to build language for what they're doing. "Sun safe" versus "not sun safe" works as a category at this age. Play-based and story-led learning still works best; isolated one-off lessons don't land.

Fragility

The transition itself is the risk. The structures of ECEC (daily handover, rhythm, parent contact at pickup) disappear in school. The child is now in a much larger group with a teacher who has many other priorities.

What arrives

A child ready to ask why. They can name sun safety behaviours and want to understand what's behind them.

At risk

Curiosity meets generic content and hardens into compliance. The "why" moment is missed, and the suite has nothing for it.

Leaving Stage 1 Gap

"I know what UV does to my skin. I'm sun safe because I get it, not because someone told me to."

  • Connects sun and skin: invisible UV, real consequences, your skin remembers.
  • Habits hold without constant adult reminders.
  • Identity beginning to form. "I'm someone who's sun safe."

Where they're at. Children aged 6 to 8, developing the capacity to understand why, not just what. Curious about how the world works. Motivated by simple science and concrete cause and effect. Cross-curricular connections open up here: UV is science, climate is geography, healthy bodies sit in PDHPE. The NSW UV dosimeter pilot produced significant knowledge gains at this age.

Fragility

The current resource suite has nothing for this moment. Children arrive curious and ready to understand, and find generic posters and rules-based content designed for a younger or older audience.

What arrives

A child who understands UV and skin and is about to face peer pressure, sleepovers and unstructured weekends.

At risk

Without scenario-based practice, understanding doesn't translate to choice in real situations. The hat comes off at the friend's house.

Leaving Stage 2

"I can be sun safe at sport, at a friend's house, on a cloudy day. I make the call."

  • Applies sun safety in unfamiliar contexts and on the move.
  • Holds the line under peer pressure, at least sometimes.
  • Treats sun safety as a choice, not a rule imposed on them.

Where they're at. Children aged 8 to 10. Can apply knowledge in new situations: sports carnival, beach trip, an unexpected sunny day. Peer influence starts to shape behaviour. Decision-making capacity is growing. They want to be treated as capable, not babied. Respond to scenarios, role-play and "what would you do" framings.

Fragility

This is where peer pressure starts winning. The classroom no longer has full visibility. Sport, OOSH, weekends and sleepovers all sit outside the school's reach. If the resource design doesn't extend into off-school contexts, the practice fragments.

What arrives

A child who can choose for themselves. Hasn't yet had to lead, advocate or teach others.

At risk

The leadership opportunity is missed. They go into secondary as competent practitioners, not advocates. Competence alone doesn't survive the next transition.

Leaving Stage 3

"I own how I play in the sun, and I help younger kids and my mates work it out too."

  • Advocates for peers and younger children; can teach the basics.
  • Personal style and sun safety co-exist. It's part of who they are.
  • Has the language to push back on misinformation and tanning culture.

Where they're at. Children aged 10 to 12. Capable of critical thinking about health behaviours. Wanting to make a difference. Designing things, mentoring younger students, running campaigns. The last stage where sun safety is structurally supported by the school, and the most underused leadership lever in the current suite.

Fragility

Peer norms are already shifting. The pull of high school, identity and appearance is real and close. What gets handed over here, in confidence and language, is what either survives or evaporates by Year 8.

What arrives

A child ready to lead, identity around sun safety just forming. Going into a setting where peer norms and appearance dominate.

At risk

Sun safety becomes the cringe thing primary school did. Practice atrophies inside 12 months. This is the critical vulnerability the evidence keeps naming.

Where they're heading Stage 4 is where appearance, peer norms and identity take over from rules and routines. Whatever Stage 3 hands over either embeds, or it evaporates by Year 8.
Who made
that happen
The mix of actors behind the outcome. Bold = where CCNSW has direct levers.

Influences

ECEC educators Parents & family Service routine Older siblings Children's TV
↓ in transit

Influences

Classroom teacher Parents & family School culture Peers Books, media
↓ in transit

Influences

Stage 1 teacher Parents & carers Older kids School staff TV / online
↓ in transit

Influences

Stage 2 teacher Parents & carers Sports coaches OOSH staff Peers (rising)
↓ in transit

Influences

Stage 3 teacher Parents & carers Coaches & clubs Older siblings Social media Peer culture
↓ in transit
Who takes over Peers, social media, identity, appearance. Adult voices fade. The school's structural lever weakens.
Educator
(facilitator)
What the adult inside the setting needs to deliver the child outcome.

ECEC educator

"I can model it, sing it, weave it through our day. What I need is something to hand a new staff member next Tuesday. Half my team won't be here next year."

Needs. Stories, songs and sensory activities that fold into the existing rhythm. Plain-English NQS-compliance guidance, not paperwork. Something to hand parents at pickup. Multilingual and AUSLAN options. Two-minute PD videos that survive a 15-minute team meeting.

Barrier

High staff turnover; knowledge walks out the door. Workload pressure is real: physical, emotional and financial. Many overseas-trained educators haven't had sun safety education themselves. Email push gets 71–78% engagement, the strongest channel in the suite, and underused.

What arrives

An ECEC educator handing off habits built through daily contact and pickup conversations. A K teacher with no equivalent infrastructure.

At risk

The continuity ECEC provided isn't replicable in school. If the school doesn't replace it with something (termly cues, transition resources, a Week 1 routine card), the practice dilutes.

ES1 teacher

"I want it in PDHPE this term. But I'm choosing between climate, road safety and food groups. Drop me a Week 4 lesson and I'll run it."

Needs. Lesson plans mapped to NSW syllabus outcomes, so sun safety justifies its place in the planner. Stage-specific activities ready to use this week. Cues and routines designed for the ECEC-to-school transition. Plain link to the School Excellence Framework so principals can see it.

Barrier

Crowded curriculum. "Sun safety feels solved." 24% of members don't know the resource library exists. The Primary Schools page gets 4× fewer views than ECEC. Demand exists, but the suite hasn't met it.

What arrives

An ES1 teacher who's used what was available; a Stage 1 teacher facing 6-year-olds asking why with no resource for the answer.

At risk

The teacher prints down from Stage 3 and waters it down, or improvises. Stage-specific design doesn't develop. The most-cited gap in the suite stays unfilled.

Stage 1 teacher Gap

"There's nothing for me. I print the Stage 3 stuff and water it down, or I find someone else's lesson plan online."

Needs. Hands-on, age-appropriate UV science. The NSW pilot using UV dosimeters showed significant knowledge gains. Curriculum-mapped sequences across PDHPE, science, geography and the arts. Resources that move children from rules to reasons. Activities that build understanding, not compliance.

Barrier

Almost nothing exists. The suite jumps from ECEC storybooks to Stage 3 Student Champions with nothing in between. The most consistently identified gap across every piece of evidence, and the most urgent fill in the roadmap.

What arrives

A Stage 1 teacher who's built understanding (where resources allow); a Stage 2 teacher needing to teach decision-making.

At risk

Posters and rules don't work for this age. The teacher needs scenario-based content the suite doesn't provide. Children get rules-based content they've outgrown.

Stage 2 teacher

"They're not babies anymore. Posters bounce off them. Give me something with a decision in it: peer pressure, the cloudy day, the friend's place."

Needs. Scenario- and decision-based activities: role-play, "what would you do." Peer-aware framing that designs for peer dynamics, not against them. Cross-curricular work using data, simple science, applied learning. Material that treats children as capable, not as little kids.

Barrier

Generic posters bounce off this age group. No scenario- or decision-based resources designed for this stage. The shift from rules to choices isn't supported anywhere in the current suite.

What arrives

A Stage 2 teacher who's built decision-making; a Stage 3 teacher needing student-led, peer-education content.

At risk

Student Champions toolkit components average four downloads each. The format isn't working. The leadership stage stays underdeveloped just as it matters most.

Stage 3 teacher

"Five PDFs in a toolkit nobody finishes. Give me one thing my cohort can actually run with, and something to send them into Year 7 with."

Needs. Student-led, campaign-style formats. The YES-CAN! evidence supports peer education at this age. Material that prepares Stage 3 children for the secondary transition. PD that gives teachers permission to step back. Connections to wellbeing, identity and community themes, not just health reminders.

Barrier

Student Champions toolkit is downloaded but the component documents average only four each. The format isn't working. Nothing in the current suite prepares Stage 3 students for the structural collapse of Stage 4.

What arrives

A primary teacher who's done their part. A secondary specialist with no syllabus home for sun safety, no resources designed for them, no continuity from the primary suite.

At risk

The professional handover doesn't happen. Secondary teachers receive nothing actionable. The Blueprint's scope ends here. The brief for what comes next begins here.

Secondary teachers Subject-specialist, time-poor, sun safety has no obvious home in their syllabus. Need different resources entirely, beyond this Blueprint's scope. The brief for them begins here.
Carer
(learner & home facilitator)
What parents and carers need to learn themselves, and to model at home.

Parent / carer of 0–5

"I trust the centre. They send things home in the bag. I couldn't tell you what SunSmart actually is. Just that they do it."

Needs. Short, actionable info that fits a busy morning. Why sun safety matters now, not only long-term cancer risk. Practical tips for the school bag, the pram, the weekend. First-language resources for CALD families. Newborn- and toddler-specific guidance (current gap).

Barrier

Don't browse the SunSmart site. They receive what services send home. 83% of parents think sun safety should be a high priority but most don't know their service's SunSmart status. Resources need to survive the journey home in a school bag.

What arrives

A parent who relied on the centre's daily reinforcement and pickup conversations. The day school starts, that handover is gone.

At risk

Without a substitute (a school newsletter, a take-home cue, a Week 1 sun safety message), the parent stops being part of the practice.

Parent / carer at K–1

"The hat thing carried over fine. But what they're being taught now, that's gone quiet."

Needs. Reassurance that the habits built in ECEC will hold. Help reinforcing routines on a school morning. Plain-language "why" answers for the questions kids start asking. Recognition that the school transition is itself a vulnerability moment.

Barrier

Lost the daily handover ECEC provided. Don't know their school is a SunSmart member. "This generation is already protected" is widely believed and quietly wrong. Anticipated regret is the lever, but only if the message lands at the right time.

What arrives

A parent fielding "why" questions they weren't prepared for. They don't know what the school is teaching, so they can't reinforce it.

At risk

Home and school stop reinforcing each other. The parent's answers and the school's lessons drift apart. The child is hearing two stories.

Parent / carer at Stage 1

"She's started asking why. I'm winging the answer. Something that matched what she's learning at school would be a relief."

Needs. Things to talk about at home that match what the child is learning at school. Confidence to answer the "why" questions: UV, skin, why a cloudy day still counts. A stage-specific "what your Stage 1 child should know" guide.

Barrier

No connection between school content and home conversation. Nothing exists for this dialogue moment. The adolescent melanoma stat triggers concern but offers no pathway to act today.

What arrives

A parent whose visibility into their child's life is starting to drop. Friends' houses, sport, OOSH, school holidays.

At risk

No tools for the off-school setting. Temperature still the proxy for UV. Practice fragments at the edges where the parent can't see.

Parent / carer at Stage 2

"He's at his mate's house this weekend. I'm hoping the habit holds, and I have no way to check."

Needs. Help backing their child's emerging decisions. Guidance on when to lean in and when to lean out. Tools for the off-school setting: the beach, the carnival, the friend's place, the Saturday sport. Recognition that visibility is dropping just as peer pressure is rising.

Barrier

No tools for the off-school setting. Temperature is still the proxy for UV. Protection drops on cool, cloudy days. The current parent suite is generic and doesn't speak to this stage.

What arrives

A parent whose child is beginning to lead conversations they used to lead. Pride mixed with quiet anxiety about what's coming.

At risk

The parent feels redundant rather than supportive. Nothing prepares them for the transition to high school. They need to start preparing now, not at Year 7.

Parent / carer at Stage 3

"She's leading the conversations I used to have with her. The question is whether that survives high school."

Needs. Honest prep for the secondary transition: what's coming, what to brace for, how to keep the conversation alive. Confidence the practice will survive the move. Ways to keep sun safety present once the school stops sending cues home.

Barrier

Long-term cancer framing creates concern but no urgency. Nothing in the suite prepares parents for the transition. Once Year 7 starts, the school's reinforcement infrastructure largely disappears.

What arrives

A parent who's been reinforced by school for seven years. About to lose that scaffolding entirely.

At risk

The school stops sending cues. The reinforcement infrastructure disappears. Without an alternative (GP, sports club, social channel), home practice atrophies.

Parents in secondary Lose almost all reinforcement infrastructure. The school stops sending home cues. Resources will need to find them somewhere new: likely the GP, the sports club, the social media feed.